Hazrat Abdul Qadir Gilani

 ʿAbdul Qādir Gīlānī, Persian: عبدالقادر گیلانی, Arabic: عبدالقادر الجيلاني) known to his loved ones as Muḥyī l-Dīn Abū Muḥammad b. Abū Sāliḥ 

 

ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Gīlānī al-Ḥasanī wa'l-Ḥusaynī was a preacher of Hanbali Sunni Muslim, an ignorant, mysterious, jurist, and theologian, known as the unknown founder of Qadiriyya order tariqa Sufism.

He was born on 11 Rabi 'al-Thani 470 AH March 23, 1078, in the city of Na'if in Gilan, Iran, and died on Monday, February 21, 1166, 11 Rabi' al-Thani 561 AH, Baghdad. 

He was a Persian Hanbali Sunni jurist and Sufis based in Baghdad. The Qadiriyya tariqa is called the revered Afumuhiudin who describes his position with many Sufis as "a religious revivalist."  Gilani Arabic al-Jilani refers to his birthplace, Gilan.

شَافِعِي Shāfi

 However, Gilani also bore the surname Baghdadi, referring to his place of residence and burial in Baghdad to him. Gilani's father, Abu Saleh Moosah, was descended from Sayyid, a descendant of Hasan ibn Ali, grandson of the Muslim prophet Muhammad.

 Abu Saleh was revered as a saint by the people of his day and was known as Jungi Dost meaning "great lover" by louri, which was his father's sobriquet at first.

 Gilani's mother, Ummul Khair Fatima, was also a Sayyid, a descendant of Muhammad al-Jawad, who descended from Husayn ibn Ali, Hasan's younger brother. Gilani spent his early life in Gilan, his hometown.

 In 1095, at the age of eighteen, he moved to Baghdad. There, he pursued Hanbali's legal study under Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi and ibn Aqil.

Baghdad

He studied Hadith with Abu Muhammad Ja'far al-Sarraj.  His Sufish spiritual teacher was Abu'l-Khair Hammad ibn Muslim al-Dabbas. 

A detailed description of his various teachers and subjects is included below. After completing his education, Gilani left Baghdad. He spent 25 years wandering in the deserts of Iraq.

Al-Jilani belonged to the Shafi'i and Hanbali law schools.  He placed the Shafi'i jurisprudence fiqh on the same level as the Hanbali school madhhab and used to give fatwa on both of them at the same time. 

 That is why al-Nawawi praised him in his book Bustan al-Arif The Field of Spiritual Kings, saying:, may Allah be pleased with him, the Sheikh of the Shafi'is and Hanbali in Baghdad. "

He established the Qadiriyya tariqa order, with its many shoots, spread across various parts of the world, and can be found in the United Kingdom, Africa, Turkey, Indonesia, Afghanistan, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Balkans, Russia, Palestine, China, and East and West Africa. 

Qadiriya prospered, survived the Mongol conquest of Baghdad in 1258, and remained a powerful Sunni center. After the fall of the Abbasid Empire, Gilan's myth was further propagated by a text entitled.

 The Joy of Secrets in the Uncertainty of Abdul-Qadir Bahjat al-asrar fi ba'd manaqib 'Abd al-Qadir named Nur al. -Din 'Ali al-Shattanufi, who pointed to Gilani as the final route of divine grace and helped command Qadiri to spread far beyond the Baghdad region.

By the end of the fifteenth century, Qadariya had separate branches and spread to Morocco, Spain, Turkey, India, Ethiopia, Somalia, and present-day Mali. Suspended Sufi chiefs often adopted.

The Qadiari culture without abandoning the leadership of their local communities. During the Safavid dynasty in Baghdad from 1508 to 1534, the sheik of Qadiriyya was appointed chief of the Sufis of Baghdad and surrounding areas. 

Shortly after the Ottoman Empire overthrew Baghdad in 1534, Suleiman the Magnificent ordered the construction of a dome on the mausoleum of Abdul-Qadir Gilani, establishing Qadariyaya as one of his allies in Iraq.

 In 1127, Gilani returned to Baghdad and began preaching publicly. He joined the teachers' school team of his teacher al-Mazkhzoomi and was popular with the students. and the virtues of the Qur'an. 

He was able to reconcile the mysterious Sufism with the rational requirements of Islamic Law. Gilani died on 21 February 1166 at 11 Rabi 'al-Thani 561 AH at the age of 87.

 His body was buried in a shrine inside his madrasas in Babul-Sheikh, Rusafa on the east bank of the Tigris in Baghdad, Iraq.

During the reign of Safavid Shah Ismail I, Gilani's sanctuary was destroyed.  However, in 1535, the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent had a temple built on top of the temple, which still exists.

11 Rabi 'al-Thani is celebrated as Gilani's birthday, though some scholars give 29 Sha'ban and 17 Rabi '. al-Thani as his birthdays and death.

 On the Indian subcontinent, ‘urs, or the day of his death, is called Giyarwee Shareef, or the Day of Remembrance.

Kitab Sirr al-Asrar wa Mazhar al-Anwar 

Futuh al ghaib Secrets of Invisibility

Ghunyat tut talibeen Treasure seeker غنیہ الطالیبین

Al-Fuyudat al-Rabbaniya  Appearance of the Lord's Grace

Fifteen Letters: Khamsata 'Ashara Maktuban

Kibriyat in Ahmar 

A brief description of Jannah and Jahannam 

The Supreme Revelation al-Fatḥ Ar-rabbānī